The Sydney Observatory is currently running tours to complement the new exhibition at the Powerhouse Museum, Egyptian Mummies: Exploring Ancient Lives. The tour runs for approximately one hour and takes place in the observatory’s planetarium. This review is going to be short purely because the tour was short and I want that to be the focus, not the entire observatory.
Sydney Observatory
The tour starts with a forty minute documentary on Ancient Egypt and mummification. It was a bit like the documentaries you watch in eighth grade ancient history – a lot of re-enactments and dramatic music. It was kitschy but I quite enjoyed it. I was glad to have the opportunity to brush up on my general knowledge of Egypt. As my friend Alice pointed out, the video also had a great connection to the exhibition at the Powerhouse. Both observe how medical advancements have increased knowledge of mummies and mummification. The video covered how DNA can be extracted from a mummy and what this evidence may reveal.
After the video, we were taken on a tour of the night sky in Ancient Egypt, around 1200 BCE. At various stages the video of the sky was paused and Egyptian mythology of the stars, sun, and moon was explained. This was accompanied by the corresponding hierogyphs. For example, we learnt how the milky way was imagined as a goddess who swallowed the sun during the night. The name of the goddess appeared in the centre of the screen in hierglyphs. This part of the tour went for around 15 minutes.
Nut, Egyptian Goddess of the Sky (by Hans Bernhard – Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6428319)
Ancient Egypt is a fascinating topic by default. I thought this tour added a new layer of interpretation – it is quite different to what has been done before. I would recommend you see the exhibition at the Powerhouse and then take this tour.
Speaking of the Powerhouse, watch this space early next week for a guest post on this exhibition!
Now that I’m no longer studying, I don’t feel guilty leaving the house. I have seen more of Sydney in the past two weeks than I have during my 18 months of study. To kickstart my weekend I visited Old Government House in Parramatta. Before even entering the house I was surprised to see it has been World Heritage Listed. Currently, there is an exhibition At Home: Modern Australian Design. My visit consisted of a tour around the grounds and house followed by a walk through the exhibition with my friends who are exhibition volunteers, Rachelle and Vanessa.
Old Government HouseOld Government House
The house is the former country residence of the first ten governors of New South Wales. It is the oldest public building in Australia. From the outside, the building looks so quaint. Similar to Rouse Hill House it is built in a Georgian style, meaning very symmetrical (think a Wes Anderson film in building form). According to the website it now houses “the nations premier colonial furniture collection”. This will become very important when I discuss the exhibition.
The tour was nice lasting around 40 minutes. I was lucky to be the only person on the tour. We began outside the front of the house where my guide explained the layers of history hidden within the architecture. For example, it was originally a small sandstone house built by convicts for Governor Hunter consisting of four rooms (two on the ground level and two on the top level). Extensions were eventually added over time. We then moved inside to explore the dining room, withdrawing room, servants quarters, kitchen, and bedrooms. Unlike Rouse Hill, the house has been patched up and I must say this was a big plus.
An embroidery table inside the Breakfast Room
A section I really liked was the Governors office which had a glass covered excavation pit in the middle. Through the glass you were able to see the original foundations of the house. As discussed with Vanessa and Rachelle this seems to be done at a lot of historic houses and museums. A trend that I think can be done well and effectively.
Old Government House
When the tour finished I was free to see the exhibition At Home. Pieces of furniture and home decor were distributed throughout the house mixing in with the colonial furniture. I was disappointed that this did mean some of the colonial furniture had been taken off display. Considering it has the largest collection I was left wanting more.
Sometimes the fusion of old and new worked. Other times it did not.
Old Government House
Seeing a huge black modern chair behind the Governors desk was, to me, not aesthetically pleasing. When the old and new worked together it really worked well. There was a beautiful hanging light in the children’s bedroom that suited the room and enhanced its interpretative capacity. Another highlight was a room filled with textiles that you were able to touch. Whilst there was not a lot of interpretation, only a small sign at the door presenting basic facts, I don’t like a lot Interpretation in a house museum. I enjoy wandering around and seeing the house free from large obvious distractions.
Old Government HouseOld Government House
It is a very interesting house to visit for a perspective on Australian colonial history. I actually really enjoy house museums. It’s an experience to not only learn about the history but walk in the footsteps of that history. We visited some amazing Civil War houses in Nashville earlier this year which really sparked my interest.
Tomorrow I am off to the Sydney Observatory for a tour of the Egyptian Skies which complements the Ancient Lives exhibition. A very heritage-filled weekend!
I briefly mentioned this in a previous post but now that it’s 100% confirmed and I have a nice little piece of paper to prove it, I can officially say that I’ve mastered my masters.
I started this blog in mid-2015 with the intention of continuing it throughout my study. According to my first blog post: “In July this year I’m moving to Sydney and beginning a very exciting stage of my life – a postgraduate degree in the area I love the most. I don’t want to forget this experience, so I want to put it on the internet and share it with whoever else wants to listen.”
It has been such an intense 18 month degree that involved moving my life across the border between Queensland and New South Wales, living in a new environment, and balancing jobs and internships with study. It has all been completely worth the hard work. Especially considering I’ve met some amazing people who are insanely supportive.
There is a slight possibility that I will be tackling another degree next year so watch this space.
I am so excited to see how this blog evolves. I have some exciting things planned for 2017 and I cannot wait to share. This does include FINALLY attending a Museums Australia Conference! There will be a couple more posts before the end of 2017. I also plan on opening an Instagram account for this blog that will go live in January. It will be a great opportunity to share more of my photographs.
The second stop on our adventure was Hawkesbury Regional Museum. I finally witnessed the flabbit – a local myth first “sighted” in 1985. There is plenty of flabbit merchandise available for purchase.
There were three highlights that I will focus on. Firstly, and without bias at all, was the exhibition curated by Imogen herself! I was very lucky to gain an insider’s perspective! It was great hearing about how the display was curated and the surprise finds along the way. The case contains objects and information on the original inhabitants of the Hawkesbury region, the Darug People. These objects include stone tools, boomerangs, and digging sticks. Each object is accompanied by a label providing an ideal amount of information – just more than a snapshot, yet very informative.
Hawkesbury Regional MuseumHawkesbury Regional MuseumHawkesbury Regional Museum
Beneath each of the main display windows are two drawers that contain additional objects. A highlight object is a bark painting by Dick Roughsey depicting a creation story. Other bark paintings by Roughsey can be found in the British Museum and the National Gallery of Victoria. It is a very significant piece of Indigenous art displayed alongside two other paintings from 2008.
Hawkesbury Regional Museum
Another highlight of the display case is the use of technology. An iPad rests next to the case playing an Indigenous acknowledgment on loop. As this is the first case you see on entering the exhibition space, it provides a fascinating and important introduction to the space.
The second highlight was the exhibition Flood! From a design perspective, it was very effective. For example, here is one of the walls in the exhibition space.
Hawkesbury Regional Museum
I really like how the photo frames and glass boxes have been positioned on a plain black background. The wall doesn’t appear cluttered yet it is still eye-catching.
The main aim of the exhibition is to thematically cover the history of floods in the area. There are multiple materials utilised to tell these stories. These include engravings, photography, and film. As well as following the history of floods in the area, the exhibition also showcases the history of flood rescue. It made direct and clear links between the past and the present which was a real strength of the exhibition.
Last but not least, the third highlight was the recent acquisitions display in the museum foyer. I have visited a few museums that highlight their recent acquisitions. This, however, was a fully curated case with information such as provenance and significance acompanying each object. It was a great way to see the types of objects that continue to be donated and welcomed into their collection. It was as if you were seeing the museum’s collection policy literally on display.
Hawkesbury Regional MuseumHawkesbury Regional MuseumHawkesbury Regional Museum
Thank you again to Imogen for a wonderful day exploring north-west Sydney and for being my guide at Hawkesbury!
I am hoping to visit a couple more exhibitions before the Christmas season well and truly begins. I could not think of a better way to farewell 2016!
Now that I’ve finished my Masters (yay!!!!) I am free to explore more of Sydney and its wonderful museums and heritage sites. Today was a particularly fantastic day exploring Rouse Hill House & Farm and Hawkesbury Regional Museum with my amazing friend Imogen. Make sure you check out her guest post on Manly Museum & Art Gallery! (Manly Museum & Art Gallery – Guest Post) This post will focus on Rouse Hill House & Farm.
Front of Rouse Hill House
We were very lucky to be the only two on the 11 o’clock tour. We were even luckier that our tour guide, Marnie, was incredible. She was unbelievably passionate, eager to share stories, and drove us from the visitor centre to the house in a buggy. Considering how hot the weather was today, we were especially grateful for the latter!!
For those of you who have never heard of Rouse Hill House & Farm here is a very quick overview. It was originally built in 1813 by Richard Rouse and was subsequently owned and lived in by six generations. Rouse came to Australia as a free settler and rose through the ranks very quickly to become Superintendent of lumberyard at Parramatta. At its peak, the house was a social hub welcoming personalities such as Banjo Patterson. In some rooms you can find 19th century furniture mixed in with trinkets and television sets from the 1950s. Both the house and its land have many stories to tell, including those of the original Indigenous inhabitants and those concerning the Great Depression. On the tour we visited the house, stables, and woolshed.
Living RoomDining HallLadies Withdrawing RoomOutdoor Entertaining AreaStables
Marnie began her tour in the gardens covering the basic history of the house and its tenants. We were then guided through the ground level which included the living room, dining room, and ladies withdrawing room. We could not access the top level, however, it will soon be opened to the public. In each room Marnie pointed out a few objects and told us a couple of interesting stories. We then walked through the outdoor entertaining area and into the stables. The latter was probably my favourite part of the tour. The stables have been pretty well preserved. It was great to see some 19th century graffiti from two stable boys who etched their names into a wooden door. No photographs of these individuals survive yet their names will remain attached to the house.
Graffiti on the stable door
Whilst I can appreciate their “letting the house take its natural course and not interfering too much” attitude it was, in my opinion, problematic. There are a few ways you can approach heritage. For example, you can knock it down, do it up, or leave it alone. Each site or place requires a slightly different treatment plan so I want to talk specifically about Rouse Hill. Whilst I think leaving the rooms as they have been for generations is all well and good, there are parts of the house in need of love and care. For example, parts of the ceiling have fallen off and have been left exposed. I think a balance could be struck here without ruining the atmosphere and history. It was too “one end of the heritage spectrum” for me. There will definitely be people who disagree with me on that statement.
After the wonderful tour, Marnie recommended we use the computers in the visitor centre to view the top level rooms and explore the ground floor rooms in more depth. Both Imogen and I agreed this was a great use of technology. Especially considering you could zoom in on some objects to discover more information. In saying that, it would have been great to include more information on the objects as most were quite vague. I’m sure this is a work in progress.
Rouse Hill House & Farm
We would like to thank Marnie for our tour and for bringing the history of the house to life. Although this was the only interpretation available, if you can get a good guide it can be all you need.
Tucked inside the Royal Botanic Gardens in Copenhagen is the Geological Museum. Our motivation for visiting was to see the exhibition Flora Danica – a display of hand-drawn and coloured botanical prints. These were showcased alongside contemporary interpretations by Danish artists.
Geological Museum
It was a very small exhibition, which isn’t a criticism. In fact, it was compact and communicated a lot of information without inducing fatigue. The exhibition’s name comes from a Danish encyclopedia of plants published in the 18th century. There were a couple of highlights that I would like to mention.
Geological Museum
My favourite part of the exhibition was a small display on the process from drawing to engraving. Firstly, a plant would be collected. Then it could be hand-drawn. Next came engraving this illustration into a sheet of copper that could be repeatedly utilised to reproduce the image. Beneath the thematic panel were beautiful old wooden display cases containing an array of objects that showcased this entire process. From left to right was the plant, drawing, engraving, and reproduction. It was displayed very nicely and complemented the panel text.
Geological Museum
Another great design element was the glass case of copper plates. These plates were never published. No one knows why exactly they were excluded from the final publication. According to the text panel, the plates have been locked away for over 130 years and this is the first time they have been placed on display. Having them displayed vertically in a glass case has allowed visitors the opportunity to see both sides of the plate.
One last thing about the exhibition, although containing very little text, it was great to see a reference to medicine. Just inside the front door was a panel containing an image of Professor Ole Borch from Copenhagen University. It depicted him and his students learning about medicinal plants. The information above the image explained how Flora Danica was published for, first and foremost, medical practitioners. Therefore, every plant in the book was believed to have therapeutic value.
Geological Museum
Overall, the exhibition was quaint – minimalistic and rustic. I recommend you combine this exhibition with a stroll through the Botanic Gardens and the Botanisk Have.
Whilst we did visit Þingvellir National Park yesterday, I was waiting until after our second visit to write a post. This natural and cultural World Heritage Site is where you can see the North American and Eurasian Plates slowly separating. The result of this process is spectacular.
Between 930 and 1798 AD, Þingvellir was home to the open air parliamentary assembly that would gather in the space yearly. Here they would set laws and settle civil disputes. On top of this, the park is in an active volcanic area. According to UNESCO: “The National Park is enclosed by a varied belt of mountains on three sides, featuring grass-covered lava fields, and Lake Þingvallavatn lies at its southern end. This outstanding scenery gives the area its unparalleled value.”
Similar to other heritage sites I’ve reviewed, I am going to go through the criteria it’s been listed under and why.
Criterion (iii) – to bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared.
It has been listed under this criteria as the landscape is a reflection of medieval Norse/Germanic culture. There is evidence of this settlement within the park including the assembly ground and booths.
Criterion (vi) – to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance. (The Committee considers that this criterion should preferably be used in conjunction with other criteria).
It is regarded as a “shrine for the Icelandic identity”. This is because it has a strong connection to medieval Norse/German governance, appears in many 12th century Icelandic sagas, and was a focal point during the fight for independence during the 19th century.
We’ve visited the park on both a Golden Circle and Game of Thrones tour. During the former, we had a lovely view over the park. There were a few signs along the viewing platform, but, the main form of interpretation was found in the visitor centre. There was a short film and some information on the park that allowed for a sense of its history and significance. Apart from the centre we also joined our guide on a quick overview tour.
Today we visited the park to see something much more specific. I am a massive Game of Thrones fan. I did know that quite a bit of the series has been filmed in Iceland. What I didn’t know is that there were scenes filmed in Þingvellir. More specifically, the scenes filmed on the journey to the Eyrie. When The Hound and Arya, and Sansa and Little Finger, visit Lysa Arryn they walk through a canyon and the Bloody Gate. These were the scenes filmed in the park. It is one of the most beautiful landscapes I have ever seen in my life.
If you are visiting I would recommend that you read a bit about the park beforehand so you can appreciate it in full. We were so lucky to see the landscape both with and without snow. A picture paints a thousand words so to finish this post here are some of my favourite photographs that can only slightly capture the beauty.
Before delving into this review I wanted to quickly talk about the amazing night we had chasing the Northern Lights or Aurora Borealis. Seeing this natural phenomenon has been at the top of my to-do list for a while. We booked a tour with the knowledge that the lights are very temperamental. Luckily for us, the lights were on and were actually quite intense. It was such a beautiful experience and the absolute highlight of the entire trip!
Moving on now to the National Museum of Iceland. I am always a little wary of national museums. I think they are fascinating to visit in that they display a highly curated and usually politically-charged image of a country. They are usually one of two things – a grand narrative or a collection of different stories. I would say the National Museum of Iceland fits nicely into the former category. Both, in my opinion, are problematic. On one hand, a grand narrative often neglects stories. On the other hand, including many stories can leave me feeling very confused. Whilst not normally a fan of national museums, I really wanted to see how Iceland presented their history. I also hoped to learn a thing or two along the way.
The National Museum of Iceland Entrance
The museum is spread over two floors. It’s a mish-mash of chronological and thematic displays which was quite disorientating. To provide more structure to our visit, we followed the recommended highlight objects on our brochure. In total there are seven highlight objects distributed throughout both levels of the museum.
1. The Blue and White
According to the object label, this flag symbolises Icelandic history in the 20th century. Iceland was under Danish control until approximately 1944. Before they were granted their own flag in 1915, Iceland had to fly the Danish flag (pictured below). The Icelandic flag has a red border around the white cross representing volcanic fire.
The Blue and White
2. Skautbúningur Costume from 1860
I was very excited to see a textile as a highlight object. This dress signifies a change in traditional festive costumes for women. It was designed by Sigurdur Gudmundsson and introduced in 1859.
Skautbúningur Costume from 1860
3. Pór or Christ?
An interesting religious object, the meaning of which has been debated. It either represents the Norse god pór (Thor) or Christ. The confusion comes from the fact the figure is holding something that looks similar to both a hammer and a cross. Between 800 and 1000 AD Pagan worship co-existed with Christian worship in Iceland.
Pór or Christ?
4. Christ the King
I couldn’t quite gauge why this object was so significant from the object label. It is essentially a cross that was displayed in a Catholic Church around 1200 AD. I am assuming its significance comes from the fact it survived the Reformation unlike many other Catholic objects.
Christ the King
5. The Valpjófsstadur Door
If I have learned anything from this museum it’s that the role of religion has been almost central to the history of the country. This door, carved in Iceland, depicts the medieval tale of Chevalier au Lion. It would have once stood as the entrance door to a medieval church. Its significance comes from the fact it is the only surviving carved wooden door from this time period in Iceland.
The Valpjófsstadur Door
6. Gudbrandur’s Bible
This Bible was the first book printed in Iceland that was widely distributed. Around 500 copies were printed. It continued to be utilised up until the nineteenth-century. It still has its original binding which is pretty special.
Gudbrandur’s Bible
7. Drinking Horn
This horn was carved by farmer Brynjólfur Jónsson of Skard in 1598 AD. Jónsson is generally considered to be the first Icelandic craftsman nationally recognised for his works. The horn is only one of three surviving objects created by Jónsson and can shed light on the life of farmers in 16th century Iceland.
Drinking Horn
From an exhibition design perspective, I was very impressed by the display cabinets that were equipped with motion sensor lights. This act of preventative conservation would benefit the objects on display by reducing their time in direct light during quiet periods.
It was very interesting to see how the identity of Iceland had been curated in the museum. The heavy focus on nation building and religion were particularly intriguing. I thought the section on the 1703 census was curated well with a short video accompanying a variety of objects that aided in telling the story. In summary, this census was the first ever taken of an entire country.
For the next few days we will be leaving the city and exploring some of the beautiful landscapes Iceland has to offer. Hopefully I will have time to write a post on the World Heritage Site Thingvellir Þingvellir!
Our first full day in Reykjavík was filled with seeing the sights, buying some sweaters, and visiting museums. On our agenda was the Settlement Exhibition, a museum showcasing archaeological ruins excavated in 2001. Whilst digging around Adalstraeti, a street in downtown Reykjavík, some of the oldest remnants of human habitation in the city were discovered. The star attraction is a longhouse dating from the tenth century and a building dating back to circa 871. Rather than moving the ruins to another location, the museum was built around the site and will continue to preserve the ruins.
The entire museum is housed in one room. In the centre is the longhouse surrounded by stories and objects displaying Viking life in Reykjavík. A beautiful panorama image runs the entire circumference of the exhibition. Similar to the Nobel Museum in Stockholm, I was amazed at the integration of digital technology. Whilst there were thematic panels and object labels, they were relatively short and only gave a brief overview of the history. For those wanting further information, technology came to the rescue.
The Settlement ExhibitionThe Settlement Exhibition
My favourite part of the exhibition was the reconstruction of the longhouse. After viewing the entirety of the ruins, visitors can enter into a small darkened side room. Inside is a touch screen and a projected image of the ruins. By moving a circle around what looks like a maze, you are able to transform the image on the screen. The ruins turn into a fully reconstructed house that you can explore. This was quite fun to play around with especially since it complemented the ruins and gave them new life.
The Settlement ExhibitionThe Settlement Exhibition
Another piece of digital technology that was great were two touch screens near the end of the exhibition. They basically provided a lot more information on the Vikings including a timeline of their arrival into Iceland and a summary of their practices and customs. I felt it was pitched at just the right level – the information was not too basic yet not too comprehensive.
Finally, and also near the end of the exhibition, there was a huge digital touch board. On the screen was a picture of the longhouse. Sections of the longhouse were highlighted when visitors placed their palms on certain areas of the board. Short videos and information panels explained what section you had highlighted and its significance. Although not a huge exhibition space, these digital technologies allowed for more information to be disseminated.
The Settlement Exhibition
All in all, we spent around an hour and a half exploring the museum and the digital Viking history timeline. It would have been great to see more touch screens. We saw quite a few people waiting then give up and walk away. Granted they aren’t exactly cheap!
I just wanted to quickly mention that digital engagement wasn’t the only strategy utilised. Inside one of the glass cases were two pieces of white engraved rock. The question was posed “what do you think these are?” The actual, or perceived actual, answer is unknown. Whilst this can generate some great discussion, there was no way to record or voice your answer. Unless you physically left the exhibition space to find a member of staff.
The Settlement Exhibition
Overall, it was a very pleasant museum that provided a great overall history of Iceland in the Viking Age. Even if you don’t decide to utilise the technology, you will still leave with a solid basic idea of Iceland’s history as told through its material past.
Before we leave Stockholm, I have two more museums to review. I have combined them into one post because I don’t think I will spend long writing about either. This isn’t because they were horrible. Rather, it’s because I feel kind of neutral and wasn’t quite sure what to write about.
On that note, Fotografiska is a museum housed in a 1906 Art Nouveau style building that once served as a customs house. The cafe on the top floor offers amazing views of Stockholm. It is worth visiting the museum purely for the views (and a decent cinnamon roll)! The current major exhibition showcases the work of Anton Corbijn. From what I could tell, Corbijn has photographed virtually every big name in music over the past few decades including the Rolling Stones, Nick Cave, and David Bowie.
Fotografiska
One comment I will make is that the photograph labels worked really well. They were hand written in lead pencil next to the corresponding photograph. It looked very rustic. Especially considering the size and style of the writing varied considerably. That’s all I have to say regarding Fotografiska.
Fotografiska Fotografiska
The other museum I wanted to briefly cover was the Hallwyl Museum. This is a very opulent home in the centre of Stockholm once belonging to Count and Countess Walther and Wilhelmina von Hallwyl. It was completed in 1898, donated to the Swedish State in 1920, and opened as a museum in 1938. It is essentially a time capsule, remaining virtually untouched.
The mansion is highly decorated and filled to the brim with expensive items. For example, in the porcelain room you can find an example of almost all porcelain produced in the 18th and early 19th centuries. My favourite room was the wine cellar. Apart from these lavish rooms, you can also visit the servants quarters. I thought it was interesting comparing their quarters to the rest of the house. Obviously there were more differences than similarities. Seeing them directly side-by-side enhanced these differences.
If you have time in Stockholm then either of these two museums are worth a quick visit. Especially the latter considering it has free entry.